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In 1938 the Public Works Administration allocated more than $500,000
toward the final cost of $1,025,000 for an auditorium to accommodate
the academic and cultural activities of the growing MSU student
body. Designed by O.J. Munson, the Gothic-inspired pointed arches
and lancet windows on the entrance facade, and oak paneling, chandeliers,
and white marble flooring of the lobby interior, reflect a desire
for an elaborate structure to suit its cultural purpose. The limestone
spandrels of the three identical entry portals are decorated with
images of comedy, tragedy, musical instruments, and vines.
Munson’s building houses two theaters, the large Auditorium
at the front entrance on Farm Lane and the smaller Fairchild Theater
at the east entrance of the building, arranged with the proscenium
in the center of the building. This set-up eliminates the need
for duplicate technical equipment and lighting; however, it is
often problematic to hold simultaneous performances.
We Assure Freedom to the Free, Proclamation of Emancipation,
The Modern Man I Sing, 1943 – 44
Charles Pollock (American, 1902 – 1988)
Casein on canvas
MSU Auditorium foyer
Three mural panels
in the entrance foyer of the Auditorium display themes typical
of government-sponsored art of the 1930s and 40s. Painted
in casein on canvas, We Assure Freedom to the Free (1944),
the central figure of Abraham Lincoln in Proclamation of Emancipation (1943),
and the words of Walt Whitman in The
Modern Man I Sing (1944), emphasize the importance
of freedom. Depictions of political and economic struggles are
combined with symbols of technological
advances ranging from pioneer days to those contemporary to the
1940s. Pollock’s representational style, clear compositional
rhythms and flat, evenly illuminated figures were likely influenced
by the Mexican Muralists and American
Scene paintings of the 1920's.
Although for many, the word mural is synonymous with fresco, a
technique that involves the direct painting on wet plaster, most
WPA artists rarely executed murals in true fresco. Besides lacking
training in this technique, it was considered difficult, costly,
and required assistants. Instead artists chose water-soluble paints
such as tempera or casein, which have a matte finish close to the
effects of fresco. Painting directly on canvas permitted artists
to work off-site. Murals were then transferred to the intended
location upon completion.
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